Research Archive

  • In covering the infamous Duke lacrosse case, journalists received enormous criticism for the way they allegedly convicted the defendants in the press. Yet the practice is hardly unusual. Standard media routines and practices often contribute to undermining the presumption of innocence, particularly with high profile crimes. Still, in other respects […]

    Less Bad News: What Defense Advocates Can Learn from the Duke Lacrosse Case

    by Robert M. Entman, Ph.D. and Kimberly A. Gross, Ph.D. In covering the infamous Duke lacrosse case, journalists received enormous criticism for the way they allegedly convicted the defendants in the press. Yet the practice is hardly unusual. Standard media routines and practices often contribute to undermining the presumption of innocence, particularly with high profile crimes. Still, in other respects […]

    Continue Reading...

  • Despite the legal system's conventional story that our judicial process is devoid of emotions and based on pure reason (Bandes, 1999), attorneys have intuited the role of emotion in jurors' verdict decisions. Attorneys attempt to elicit emotions in jurors during opening and closing statements, or through the use of emotionally […]

    Unintended Consequences of Toying with Jurors’ Emotions: The Impact of Disturbing Emotional Evidence on Jurors’ Verdicts

    by Jessica M. Salerno and Bette L. Bottoms, Ph.D. Despite the legal system's conventional story that our judicial process is devoid of emotions and based on pure reason (Bandes, 1999), attorneys have intuited the role of emotion in jurors' verdict decisions. Attorneys attempt to elicit emotions in jurors during opening and closing statements, or through the use of emotionally […]

    Continue Reading...

  • I. THE APPLICATION OF RULE 606(b) TO ALLEGATIONS OF JUROR BIAS     A jury convicted African-American Roland William Steele of three counts of first-degree murder and related charges after he allegedly killed three Caucasian women. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania later upheld Steele's conviction despite the declaration of a […]

    Without Bias: How Attorneys Can Use the Right to Present a Defense to Allow for Jury Impeachment Regarding Juror Racial, Religious, or Other Bias

    by Colin Miller, J.D. I. THE APPLICATION OF RULE 606(b) TO ALLEGATIONS OF JUROR BIAS     A jury convicted African-American Roland William Steele of three counts of first-degree murder and related charges after he allegedly killed three Caucasian women. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania later upheld Steele's conviction despite the declaration of a […]

    Continue Reading...

  • Due to the number of organizations beginning to see the value in a diverse workforce, more and more organizations are employing affirmative action policies. Of course, with the employment of such practices, issues of race and racial discrimination are becoming much more prevalent. As a result, a surge of research […]

    Colorism: The Often Un-discussed “-ism” in America’s Workforce

    by Matthew S. Harrison, Ph.D. Due to the number of organizations beginning to see the value in a diverse workforce, more and more organizations are employing affirmative action policies. Of course, with the employment of such practices, issues of race and racial discrimination are becoming much more prevalent. As a result, a surge of research […]

    Continue Reading...

  • In any social setting, including the courtroom, being a woman or man implies a certain fundamental belief about the acceptability of changing roles for women in U.S. society. We might expect women to be the most understanding and least judgmental of other women who take on new roles such as […]

    Sex and Race in the Courtroom: Shifting Gender-Role Attitudes in a Changing World

    by Cameron D. Lippard, Ph.D. and J. Scott Carter, Ph.D. and Mamadi Corra, Ph.D. and Shannon K. Carter, Ph.D. In any social setting, including the courtroom, being a woman or man implies a certain fundamental belief about the acceptability of changing roles for women in U.S. society. We might expect women to be the most understanding and least judgmental of other women who take on new roles such as […]

    Continue Reading...

  • The attention of attorneys and witnesses alike is captured is when jurors nod their heads. When attorneys speak or witnesses testify, often there are individuals on the jury who nod their heads up and down, some jurors nodding rapidly and vigorously and some with a barely visible movement of the […]

    When Jurors Nod

    by Stanley L. Brodsky, Ph.D. and Michael P. Griffin, Ph.D. The attention of attorneys and witnesses alike is captured is when jurors nod their heads. When attorneys speak or witnesses testify, often there are individuals on the jury who nod their heads up and down, some jurors nodding rapidly and vigorously and some with a barely visible movement of the […]

    Continue Reading...

  • Over the years, the use of graphic, and at times gruesome, visual imagery in the courtroom has become commonplace. In the criminal setting, particularly trials involving violent crime, prosecutors make every effort to put grisly photographs of the victim and crime scene in front of the jury. These photos are […]

    The Impact of Graphic Injury Photographs on Liability Verdicts and Non-Economic Damage Awards

    by Bryan Edelman, Ph.D. Over the years, the use of graphic, and at times gruesome, visual imagery in the courtroom has become commonplace. In the criminal setting, particularly trials involving violent crime, prosecutors make every effort to put grisly photographs of the victim and crime scene in front of the jury. These photos are […]

    Continue Reading...

  • "You can see a lot by just looking," Yogi Berra once said, and this adage is quite relevant to civil case mediations. Currently, in the United States, there are approximately 250,000 civil case mediations per year (Wall & Chan-Serafin, 2009), but we know very little about what happens within them. […]

    Civil Case Mediations: Observations and Conclusions

    by James A. Wall, Jr., Ph.D. and Suzanne Chan-Serafin, Ph.D. "You can see a lot by just looking," Yogi Berra once said, and this adage is quite relevant to civil case mediations. Currently, in the United States, there are approximately 250,000 civil case mediations per year (Wall & Chan-Serafin, 2009), but we know very little about what happens within them. […]

    Continue Reading...

  • In 2005, Nicholas Minucci – a White man – assaulted and robbed Glenn Moore – a Black man. Throughout the attack, Minucci repeatedly referred to Moore as a "nigger." Based on this evidence, the state prosecuted this as a hate crime. Although tragic, the details surrounding the crime were not […]

    Hate Crimes and Revealing Motivation through Racial Slurs

    by Gregory S. Parks, J.D., Ph.D. and Shayne Jones, Ph.D. In 2005, Nicholas Minucci – a White man – assaulted and robbed Glenn Moore – a Black man. Throughout the attack, Minucci repeatedly referred to Moore as a "nigger." Based on this evidence, the state prosecuted this as a hate crime. Although tragic, the details surrounding the crime were not […]

    Continue Reading...

  • In 1995, Dr. Suzanna Gratia-Hupp testified that her inability to legally carry a handgun prevented her from stopping a 1991 Killen, Texas restaurant massacre. Dr. Gratia-Hupp had a 38 SPL Smith handgun in her car and pointed that out to legislators after the murders shook the state of Texas. Her […]

    Will It Hurt Me In Court? Weapons Issues and the Fears of the Legally Armed Citizen

    by Glenn E. Meyer, Ph.D. In 1995, Dr. Suzanna Gratia-Hupp testified that her inability to legally carry a handgun prevented her from stopping a 1991 Killen, Texas restaurant massacre. Dr. Gratia-Hupp had a 38 SPL Smith handgun in her car and pointed that out to legislators after the murders shook the state of Texas. Her […]

    Continue Reading...